What instruction should a nurse provide to a client prescribed Disulfiram (Antabuse) related to alcohol consumption?

Disulfiram, commonly known by its brand name Antabuse, is a medication used to support the treatment of chronic alcoholism by discouraging drinking. One of the key aspects of its effectiveness lies in the severe reaction that occurs when alcohol is consumed while the medication is in the system. Therefore, the instruction that a nurse should provide to a client prescribed Disulfiram is essential for their safety and adherence to the treatment plan.

The recommendation that the medication cannot be started until at least a 12-hour period has elapsed since the last consumption of alcohol is critical. This time frame is important because Disulfiram works by inhibiting the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to an accumulation of acetaldehyde if alcohol is ingested. This can result in unpleasant symptoms (such as flushing, nausea, and palpitations) that can be severe. Starting Disulfiram too soon after alcohol consumption increases the risk of these reactions, potentially endangering the client's health.

This 12-hour waiting period ensures that alcohol is cleared from the system before the medication is taken, which is key to promoting safe use and enhancing the overall effectiveness of the treatment for alcohol dependence. Providing this clear instruction helps the client understand the importance of adherence to the